Square Inches to Oxgangs (in² to oxgang)

1 square inch equals 1.062816719×10⁻⁸ oxgangs (rounded).

1 square inch = 1.062816719×10⁻⁸ oxgangs

How to convert square inches to oxgangs

To convert square inches to oxgangs, multiply the number of square inches by 1.062816719×10⁻⁸. The factor is rounded to 10 significant digits. To go the other way, multiply oxgangs by 94,089,600.

oxgangs = square inches × 1.062816719×10⁻⁸

Example: 10 square inches = 1.062816719×10⁻⁷ oxgangs.

Approximate value. Standards for the oxgang varied by place and period, so this converter uses the most commonly cited value. Treat results as estimates, not exact figures.

About these units

Square Inch (in²)

US & ImperialCurrent unit

A square one inch on a side, exactly 6.4516 cm². Used for small parts and for pressure (pounds per square inch).

Latin uncia, one twelfth, gave English the inch, which Old English borrowed as ynce. A statute of Edward II in 1324 defined it as three barleycorns, dry and round, set end to end, and the barleycorn remained the base for centuries after 1066. The modern square inch rests on a 20th-century agreement: the United States adopted a yard of exactly 0.9144 meter on 1 July 1959, the United Kingdom followed effective 1 January 1964, and the inch became exactly 25.4 mm.

Squaring that gives exactly 6.4516 cm² for one square inch, and one square meter is about 1,550 of them. Its best-known descendant is the pound per square inch, psi, the pressure unit still used for American tires and air tanks: atmospheric pressure at sea level is about 14.7 psi, a car tire is typically inflated to around 32 psi above the surrounding air, and one psi is about 6.895 kilopascals. The square inch itself is common in the US and UK for small parts and printed material.

1 square inch = 0.00064516 square meters (exactly).

Sources: Wikipedia: Square inch; Wikipedia: Inch; Wikipedia: Pounds per square inch

Oxgang (oxgang)

Medieval EnglishHistorical unit (no longer in standard use)Approximate value

About 15 acres, an eighth of a hide: the area an ox could plow in a season. Actual sizes varied by region.

Oxgang means the land an ox could go over, from Old English oxangang. Its Latin twin, bovata or bovate, comes from the word for ox, and a peasant holding one was called an oxganger or bovater. The unit belonged mainly to the Danelaw, the part of England settled by Vikings, where Domesday Book records it in Latin as bovata.

Eight oxgangs made a carucate, the ploughland of a full eight-ox team, so two oxgangs equalled a virgate. Wikipedia gives an English average of about 15 acres, and says elsewhere that it could be as little as 15 and averaged roughly 20, depending on soil and local custom. The figure used here is 15 acres, close to 60,700 square meters.

Scotland kept a parallel system in which eight oxgangs formed a ploughgate. The word survives in place names such as Oxgangs, a suburb of Edinburgh, and Oxgang in Kirkintilloch.

1 oxgang = 60,702.84634 square meters (approximately).

Sources: Wikipedia: Oxgang; Wikipedia: Carucate; Domesday Book Online: Glossary

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