Standard Atmospheres to Pascals (atm to Pa)

1 standard atmosphere equals 101,325 pascals exactly.

1 standard atmosphere = 101,325 pascals

How to convert standard atmospheres to pascals

To convert standard atmospheres to pascals, multiply the number of standard atmospheres by 101,325. This factor is exact. To go the other way, multiply pascals by 0.000009869232667 (rounded).

pascals = standard atmospheres × 101,325

Example: 10 standard atmospheres = 1,013,250 pascals.

About these units

Standard Atmosphere (atm)

Metric (SI)Current unit

Exactly 101,325 pascals, the average pressure of the atmosphere at sea level.

A column of mercury about 76 cm tall was Torricelli's measure of the air, and the standard atmosphere began as exactly that: the pressure of 760 mm of mercury at 0 degrees Celsius under standard gravity. It was used as a reference for physical and chemical properties, and the Celsius scale set 100 degrees as the boiling point of water at that pressure.

In 1954 the 10th CGPM confirmed the standard atmosphere as exactly 1,013,250 dynes per square centimeter, which is 101,325 pascals, a definition that no longer depends on the properties of any substance.

In practice one atmosphere is about 1.01325 bar, 760 mmHg, 14.696 psi or 29.92 inHg, and roughly the pressure of 10.33 meters of water. Chemistry splits on it: until 1982 standard temperature and pressure used 1 atm, but that year IUPAC recommended a standard pressure of exactly 100 kPa instead.

1 standard atmosphere = 101,325 pascals (exactly).

Sources: Wikipedia: Standard atmosphere (unit); Wikipedia: Atmospheric pressure; Wikipedia: Evangelista Torricelli

Pascal (Pa)

Metric (SI)Current unit

The SI unit of pressure: one newton per square meter. A very small unit; atmospheric pressure is about 101,325 Pa.

Blaise Pascal never saw a pascal, because the name was adopted by the 14th CGPM in 1971 for the newton per square meter. He did, however, earn the honor. In 1647 he published experiments on the vacuum, and on 19 September 1648 his brother-in-law Florin Périer carried a mercury barometer up the Puy de Dôme near Clermont, where the column stood at about 23 inches against about 26 at the base. Pascal had reasoned that air pressure should fall with altitude, and the result confirmed it.

One pascal is a tiny pressure, so the unit is mostly met with prefixes. Standard atmospheric pressure is 101,325 Pa, a typical sea-level reading is about 1,013 hPa, and the threshold of hearing in air is taken as a reference pressure of 20 micropascals. Building airtightness tests, in contrast, are run at 50 Pa.

Pascal is also remembered for hydrostatics, where he showed that pressure depends on height difference rather than the weight of the fluid, and for the hydraulic press.

The pascal is the reference unit for pressure on this site.

Sources: Wikipedia: Pascal (unit); Wikipedia: Blaise Pascal

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