Royal Cubit (cubit)

Ancient EgyptianHistorical unit (no longer in standard use)Approximate value

The standard Egyptian cubit of about 52.5 cm (20.7 in), divided into 7 palms of 4 fingers. Surviving cubit rods were used to lay out the pyramids.

1 royal cubit = 0.525 meters (approximately).

Approximate value. Standards for the royal cubit varied by place and period, so this converter uses the most commonly cited value. Treat results as estimates, not exact figures.

About the royal cubit

Among the earliest standard measures on record is the royal cubit, written meh niswt, meaning the cubit of the king. The English word cubit comes from Latin cubitum, the elbow, since the unit was first the forearm. The Egyptian version ran longer than the common cubit, holding seven palms of four fingers, or 28 fingers, against 24 for the ordinary one. It appears in Old Kingdom building work from at least the Step Pyramid of Djoser, around 2700 BC.

Our knowledge of its size comes from physical rods. Richard Lepsius compared fourteen of them in 1865, and examples from the tombs of Maya at Saqqara and Kha at Thebes survive, one folding rod being in the Museo Egizio in Turin. Measured rods fall between about 523.5 and 529.2 mm, so the 52.5 cm used here is one common estimate within that range. In modern terms the cubit is roughly 20.6 to 20.8 inches, a little over half a metre.

Sources: Wikipedia: Cubit; Wikipedia: Ancient Egyptian units of measurement

Royal Cubit conversion chart

1 royal cubit expressed in every other length unit:

More Ancient Egyptian units

• Egyptian palm (length)
• Egyptian finger (length)
• khet (length)

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